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- 166
- à 7.1èAgreement with Compound Subjects
- ä:èIn the Example, underline the sentences in which
- the subjects and verbs agree.
- #âS:ï╕Eric and Judy stare into the sky╗.
-
- #êè ╗The swans and the goose is playful.
-
- #êè ╕Neither the trays nor the bookend is dusty╗.
-
- #êï╗ïEither the jump ropes or the sleigh bell are to be sold.
- #éS When the coordinating conjunction ╖and╗ separates two or more
- subjects from the same present tense verb, the verb will be plural
- #(unless the subjects are the singular indefinite pronouns ╖each╗ and
- #╖every╗ or common expressions like ╖bread and butter╗ in which the two
- subjects are seen as one unit and would thus take a singular verb).
- #It makes no difference if the last subject after the ╖and╗ is singular;
- #the verb still will be plural.ïIn ╖The wasps and the bee fly near me╗,
- #even though ╖bee╗ is singular and normally would require a verb in the
- #present tense to take a third person singular ╖es╗ or ╖s╗ ending, be-
- #cause ╖bee╗ is part of the compound subject connected by an ╖and╗, the
- verb will be plural, that is, it will be written as the base form of
- #the verb.ïThe two or more subjects joined by ╖and╗ thus become the
- #equivalent of the pronoun ╖they╗--whether or not the last one in the
- series is singular or plural.ïOn the other hand, if the correlative
- #conjunctions ╖either╗╖---╖or╗, or ╖neither---nor╗ are used to join com-
- pound subjects in a present tense situation, the subject closest to the
- verb will determine if that verb will be singular or plural.ïIf the
- subject closest to the verb is singular, then the verb is singular.
- If the subject closest to the verb is plural, then the verb is plural.
- #For example, in ╖Neither her many joys nor her one sorrow shows in her
- #╖face╗, ╗the singular verb form ╖is╗ is correctly used because the sub-
- #ject ╖sorrow╗ directly preceding it is a third person singular noun,
- (the equivalent of the pronoun it) that in the present tense requires
- #an ╖s╗ or ╖es╗ ending to the base form of the verb.
- 1.èWhich one of the following sentences contains subject-
- verb agreement in the present tense?
- A)ïThe sportsmen and Tommy is dressed in red flannel shirts.
- B)ïRick and the children seem to be getting along well.
- C)ïThe Hopewells, Sue, Margaret, and I am happy to be at the swank
- è luncheon.
- D)ïå
- #ü Because ╢Rick╗ and ╢children╗ are joined by an ╢and╗, they are
- considered to be the equivalent of the third person plural pronoun
- #╢they╗.ïThe verb form ╢seem╗ agrees with the pronoun ╢they╗.ïThus
- #there is subject-verb agreement between the subjects ╢Rick╗ and ╢chil-
- #╢dren╗ and the verb ╢seem╗.ïIn another sentence, an ╖and╗ joins ╖
- #╖sportsmen╗ to ╖Tony╗, making both of ç subjects require a third
- #person plural verb form in the present tense.ïBecause ╖is╗ is a third
- #person singular verb form, the subjects and verb do not agree.ï╖Are
- would be the correct verb form to use.ïIn the remaining sentence,
- even though three of the four subjects are singular, and the plural
- subject is furthest removed from the verb, the verb still must be plu-
- #ral because the coordinating conjunction ╖and╗ joins the subjects.ï╖Are
- #should thus replace the third person singular verb form ╖am╗.
- Ç B
- 2.èWhich one of the following sentences contains subject-verb
- agreement in the present tense?
-
- A)ïNeither Jackson nor the Joneses remain sleepy.
- B)ïNeither the girls nor the boy practice.
- C)ïNeither the golfer nor the gophers stays outside today.
- D)ïå
- #üèIn ╢Neither Jackson nor the Joneses remain sleepy╗, the subject
- #╢Jackson ╗and ╢Joneses ╗agree ╗with the verb form ╢are╗.ï╢Neither--nor
- is a correlative conjunction joining a singular and a plural subject.
- The plural subject is closest to the verb.ïTherefore the verb must be
- #plural.ï╢Remain ╗is a third person plural verb that agrees with the
- #plural proper noun ╢Joneses.ï╗In another sentence, ╖neither--nor ╗con-
- #nects the two subjects ╖girls ╗and ╖boy╗, with the singular noun ╖boy╗
- being the closest to the verb.ïThus the verb should be third person
- #╖╗╗singular (having an ╕S╗ or ╕es╗ ending); so ╕practice╗ is the wrong
- #verb ╖neither--nor ╗connects a singular and a plural subject. The plural
- #subject ╖gophers ╗is closer to the verb, so that the verb should be
- #plural.ï╖Stays╗, however, is a third person singular verb form.ïThe ╖s
- #should be dropped so that it can agree with the plural subject ╖gophers.
- Ç A
- 3.èWhich one of the following sentences contains subject-verb
- agreement in the present tense?
-
- A)ïEither Maria or Sylvia choose the rug.
- B)ïEither the Katzes or the Satzes demands fat-free yogurt.
- C)ïEither Pearl or Perry helps the chef.
- D)ïå
- #üèIn ╢Either Pearl or Perry helps the chef╗, there is subject-
- #verb agreement.ïThe correlative conjunction ╢either--or╗ joins two
- singular subjects.ïBecause the subject closer to the verb is singular,
- #the verb must be singular as well.ï╢Helps ╗is a third person singular
- #verb form agreeing with ╢Perry╗, a third person singular proper noun.
- #In another sentence, the correlative conjunction ╖either--or╗ connects
- #the two plural subjects ╖Katzes ╗and ╖Satzes╗; thus the closer subject
- #to the verb would be plural.ï╖Demands╗, however, is a third person
- #singular verb form.ïThe ╖s╗ should be removed to make it agree with the
- #third person plural proper noun ╖Satzes╗.ïIn the remaining sentence,
- #both subjects connected by the correlative conjunction ╖either--or ╗are
- #singular, so the verb should have a singular ending, ╖s╗ or ╖es╗.ï╖
- #╖Choose╗, therefore, is an incorrect verb form.ïAdding an ╖s ╗to ╖
- #╖choose ╗would create subject-verb agreement.
- Ç C
- 4.èWhich one of the following sentences contains subject-verb
- agreement in the present tense?
-
- A)ïNeither opera nor jazz are found on WXYZ.
- B)ïThe Browns and Hilda goes to big parties on Saturday nights.
- C)ïEither the Shapiros or Mr. Cooper recites the blessing over the wine.
- D)ïå
- #üèThere is subject-verb agreement in the sentence ╢Either the
- #╢Shapiros or Mr. Cooper recites the blessing over the wine.ï╗The correl
- #ative conjunction ╢either--or╗ joins the plural subject ╢╢Shapiros ╗to
- #the singular subject ╢Cooper╗.ïThe closer subject to the verb form ╢
- #╢recites ╗is ╢Cooper╗, a third person singular proper noun.ïThe verb
- #form ╢recites ╗is also a third person singular verb, so it agrees with
- #its subject.ïIn another sentence, the two singular nouns ╖opera ╗and
- #╖jazz ╗are connected by the correlative conjunction ╖neither--nor╗.ïBe-
- #cause the third person singular subject ╖jazz ╗directly precedes the
- #verb, that verb should be third person singular as well.ï╖Are╗, how-
- #ever, is not third person singular.ïIt needs to be changed to ╖is╗ for
- proper agreement with its subject.ïIn the remaining sentence, the
- #coordinating conjunction ╖and ╗connects the two subjects, the ╖Browns
- #and ╖Hilda╗ but the verb form ╕goes╗ is not a plural verb form--thus
- #omit the ╕es╗.
- Ç C
- 5.èWhich one of the following sentences contains subject-verb
- agreement in the present tense?
-
- A)ïEvery book and magazine look newly bound.
- B)ïEach bed and couch have water damage.
- C)ïEvery nail and screw costs very little.
- D)ïå
- #üèThere is subject-verb agreement in the sentence ╢Every nail and
- #╢screw costs very little.ï╗The indefinite pronouns ╢each ╗and ╢every ╗
- when used as adjectives modifying subjects connected by the coordinating
- #conjunction ╢and ╗require a singular verb.ï╢Every ╗joins the subjects
- #╢╢nail ╗and ╢screw.ï╗Because ╢costs ╗is a third person singular verb
- #form, subject-verb agreement is established.ïIn another sentence, ╖Each
- #╖bed and couch have water damage╗, the subjects ╖bed ╗and ╖couch ╗do not
- #agree with the verb form ╖have╗.ïWith ╖each╗ in front of them, ç
- #nouns joined by the coordinating conjunction ╖and ╗require a third
- #person singular verb. ╖Have╗ should thus be changed to ╖has╗. In the re-
- #maining sentence, ╖Every book and magazine look newly bound╗, the sub-
- #jects ╖book ╗and ╖magazine ╗do not agree with the verb ╖look╗.ïWith
- #╖every ╗in front of them, ç nouns ╗require a third person singular
- #verb form; thus ╖look ╗should be changed to ╖looks╗.
- Ç C
- 6.èWhich one of the following sentences contains subject-verb
- agreement in the present tense?
- A)ïMacaroni and cheese are not my favorite combination.
- B)ïNeither the five hundred elephants nor the one giraffe have any
- è room in the vessel.
- C)ïEvery magician and the Mohigan appear to be uncomfortable.
- D)ïå
- üèThere is no subject-verb agreement in any of ç sentences.
- #Because ╢macaroni ╗and ╢cheese╗ is a common expression used as one unit
- #(it is therefore an ╢it╗), a third person singular verb is required.
- #Thus ╢are ╗needs to be changed to ╢is╗.ïIn another sentence,the
- #correlative conjunction ╖neither--nor╗ joins the plural subject
- #╖elephants ╗and the singular subject ╖giraffe.ï╗Because ╖giraffe╗, a
- third person singular noun, is closest to the verb, that verb must be
- #third person singular as well. Thus have ╗needs to be changed to ╖has╗.
- #In the remaining sentence, ╖every╗ is a singular indefinite pronoun used
- #as an adjective modifying the two singular subjects ╖magician ╗and
- #╖Mohigan ╗joined by the coordinating conjunction ╖and╗. In such a situa-
- #tion, the verb must be third person singular.ïTherefore, ╖appear ╗needs
- #to be changed to ╖╖appears╗.
- Ç D
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